Pakistan's Constitution

The Preamble states that Pakistan's sovereignty belongs to Allah, democracy will be based on Islamic principles, minorities are protected, and justice, equality, and rights are guaranteed.

Defines Pakistan as the Islamic Republic, lays out its territories, and establishes basic principles such as equality and rule of law.

Lists citizens' rights including freedom of speech, religion, and protection from discrimination. These rights are enforceable in courts.

Describes the structure of the federal government, the roles of the President, Prime Minister, and Parliament, and the separation of powers.

Each province has its own assembly, governor, and Chief Minister, with significant autonomy over local affairs.

Defines the division of legislative and executive powers between the federal and provincial governments, ensuring cooperative federalism.

Covers financial management, including the National Finance Commission, division of resources, taxation, and government borrowing.

Establishes the Supreme Court, High Courts, and lower courts to ensure justice and interpretation of laws, ensuring an independent judiciary.

Outlines how elections are conducted, the role of the Election Commission, and ensures transparency and fairness in democratic processes.

States that all laws must conform to Islam, defines the role of the Council of Islamic Ideology, and outlines religious freedoms.

Allows the government to take temporary extraordinary measures during war or internal unrest, but with checks to prevent abuse.

Explains how the Constitution can be changed through a two-thirds majority in Parliament, ensuring a structured evolution of laws.

Contains provisions on governance, languages, services, and other legal matters that do not fit into other categories.